How Was Apatosaurus Discovered

Until about 25 years ago, Brontosaurus would have been on anyones short list of the worlds most famous dinosaurs, along with Tyrannosaurus Rex, Triceratops and Stegosaurus. But today, under the scientifically correct (and much less impressive) name Apatosaurus, this late Jurassic sauropod has slipped down into B-list territory, along with such reliable but unexciting dinosaurs as Compsognathus and Deinonychus. What went wrong? Well, the story begins in 1877, at the height of the Bone Wars (the sometimes-underhanded competition between Edward Drinker Cope and Othniel C. Marsh about which paleontologist could discover and name the most dinosaurs). That year, Marsh examined the incomplete fossil of a juvenile sauropod, a type of plant-eating dinosaur that paleontologists were only just beginning to understand. He assigned this specimen, which had been discovered in the western U.S., to a new genus, Apatosaurus, Greek for deceptive lizard--not a foreshadowing of the confusion to come, but a reference to the fact that the bones he examined had initially been mistaken for those of a mosasaur, or marine reptile. Enter (and Exit) Brontosaurus So far, so good. Unusually, the next chapter in the story of Apatosaurus didnt involve Edward Drinker Cope, who ordinarily would have jumped with both feet onto an error committed by his arch-rival. Rather, Marsh inflicted the damage on himself: two years later, he examined the fossil of a much larger sauropod that had been discovered in Wyoming, for which he erected the genus name Brontosaurus (thunder lizard) and the species name excelsus (highest or sublime--excellent, if you will). As luck would have it, Brontosaurus, not Apatosaurus, was the name used when the first-ever reconstructed sauropod went on display at the Yale Peabody Museum of Natural History in 1905, instantly propelling this dinosaur to the top tiers of the publics imagination. Given the lack of knowledge available at the time, this Brontosaurus was a bit of a chimera, incorporating parts (especially its feet and its thick, heavy skull) from the better-attested sauropod Camarasaurus. In fact, it wasnt until the mid-1970s that the correct skull--relatively small and tapered compared to that of Camarasaurus--was finally attached to the long, slender neck of Apatosaurus. So why is Brontosarus now Apatosaurus? Well, after Marsh had done his work, a paleontologist named Elmer Riggs examined both fossils and concluded that what Marsh called Brontosaurus was in fact an adult specimen of Apatosaurus. Under the rules of scientific nomenclature, Brontosaurus was jettisoned, and Apatosaurus was deemed the correct name. It may surprise you to learn that Riggs published this conclusion way back in 1903, yet the name Brontosaurus managed to stick around for decades; some scientific errors take a long time to correct themselves! Will Brontosaurus Have its Revenge? After the Brontosaurus/Apatosaurus debacle, a list of the various species assigned to this dinosaur may seem anticlimactic, but theyre still important to know. When Elmer Riggs reverted Brontosaurus back to Apatosaurus, he made a bit of a compromise, retaining the species name excelsus. (Marsh had originally erected the Apatosaurus species name ajax, after the famous warrior of Greek myth.) Since then, two new species have taken their place alongside Apatosaurus excelsus: Apatosaurus louisae in 1915 (after Louise Carnegie, the wife of the famous plutocrat and dinosaur enthusiast Andrew Carnegie) and Apatosaurus parvus in 1994 (this specimen had originally been assigned to its own genus, the now discarded Elosaurus). There is a fourth named species of Apatosaurus, but its the subject of some debate. Apatosaurus yahnahpin was identified in 1994; shortly thereafter, the maverick paleontologist Robert Bakker--who has never tried to hide his disappointment at the disappearance of the name Brontosaurus--assigned this species to a newly erected genus, Eobrontosaurus (dawn Brontosaurus). However, most other paleontologists believe that Eobrontosaurus yahnahpin was really a species of Camarasaurus, and Bakkers genus name is not widely accepted in the scientific community.

Cell Phone Use Impaired Safety And Performance - 1060 Words

â€Å"Early adolescents are using cell phones with increasing frequency. Cell phones are known to distract motor vehicle drivers to the point that their safety is jeopardized, but it is unclear if cell phones might also distract child pedestrians.This study was designed to examine the influence of talking on a cell phone for pediatric pedestrian injury risk. Cell-phone use impairs driving safety and performance. This impairment may stem from the remote partner’s lack of awareness about the driving situation. In this study, pairs of participants completed a driving simulator task while conversing naturally in the car and while talking on a hands-free cell phone. In a third condition, the driver drove while the remote conversation partner could†¦show more content†¦Roberts also was the lead author of the new study. It appears in the August Journal of Behavioral Addictions. Some cell phone users show the same symptoms that a drug addict might have, Roberts explains. Certain people use smartphones to lift their moods. And it may take more and more time on those phones to provide the same level of enjoyment. For such people, losing a phone or having its battery die could cause anxiety or panic. That’s withdrawal, says Roberts. Too much phone use can interfere with normal activities or cause conflicts with family and other people, he adds. Yet despite these social costs, people may not cut back on their heavy phone use. Indeed, he says, people might be unable to stop on their own.The new study asked college students how much time they spent on different phone activities. It also asked them how much they agreed or disagreed with statements suggesting possible addiction. â€Å"I spend more time than I should on my cell phone,† said one such statement. â€Å"I get agitated when my cell phone is not in sight,† said another. (Agitated means nervous or troubled.) The more calls someone made, the more likely they were to show signs of addiction. The data also differed a bit for men and women. Among men, for instance, signs of a possible addiction showed a positive link, or correlation, with time spent on a Bible app and apps for reading books. As use of either app increased, so did the risk of addiction. Men’s use of social mediaShow MoreRelatedPersuasive Speech : Texting While Driving1120 Words   |  5 Pagesthe public affairs mission here at Missouri State. (Transition: Let’s begin by discussing cell phone use and its distractions.) Body I. Cell phones play a large role in everyday life. A. Approximately 91% of American adults report owning a mobile phone (Journal of Experimental Psychology, Human Perception Performance). 1. According to the Journal of Experimental Psychology, Human Perception Performance, an â€Å"increasing proportion of these are ‘smartphones’. 2. It is said that smartphones areRead MoreBan on the Usage of Cell Phone while Driving808 Words   |  3 Pagesï » ¿Cell phone ban while driving Many states in America according to their research have found out that use of cell phones in cars have contributed to several accidents as well as traffic violations and are now legislating rules and regulations on cell phone usage so as to create safer driving environment in the states hence reducing the number of accidents each and every day caused by use of cell phones while driving. Jennifer Clark (2012 ) indicates that teenage drivers were banned from any cellRead MoreTexting While Driving1688 Words   |  7 PagesCell Phone Alert What in the world would people do without their cell phones? These handy little devices have proven to be incredibly useful time and time again. Need to make a phone call while already out? Break out that cell phone and call whomever is needed; it is just that easy. 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Furthermore, Technology has certainly advanced, and the cell phone is becoming the most preferred mode of communication. The demand for a cell phone is growing every day. In addition, the use of wireless technology is affordable, and anyone can buy a cell phone at a reasonable price. They come in all shapes and sizes. They range from black to bright metallic white. American public use of cell phones is increasing everydayRead More Alzheimer’s Disease Essay1067 Words   |  5 PagesPeople with Alzheimer’s disease have impaired abilities due to the destruction of nerve cells in the brain (American Occupational Therapy Association, 2011). Alzheimer’s disease is a â€Å"degenerative brain disease of unknown cause that is the most common for m of dementia, that results in progressive memory loss, impaired thinking, disorientation, and changes in personality and mood, that leads in advanced cases to a profound decline in cognitive and physical functioning† (Merium-Webster dictionary)Read MoreSymptoms And Diagnosis Of A Vision Loss Essay1086 Words   |  5 Pageslost suddenly within a few minutes or over the course of a few days (Colby, 2014). Acute vision loss may be binocular, affecting both eyes, or monocular, affecting only one eye. Individuals with acute monocular vision loss experience stereopsis, an impaired visual field, and often depression (Ihrig Schaefer, 2007). Diagnosis: The contrived diagnosis for participants in the current study is Non-Arteritic Anterior Ischemic Optic Neuropathy (NA-AION). NA-AION is a disability that is often describedRead MoreThe Use Of Cell Phones While Driving1843 Words   |  8 Pagesis known that the use of cell phones while driving decreases driver awareness and overall road safety, and in response to this knowledge, some states have passed laws that have prohibited the use of handheld devices. However, there are no laws banning hands free cell phone usage, despite research claiming hands free devices are just as dangerous handheld devices, but does their usage distract drivers enough to the point where states should legally ban the total use cell phones while driving? TheRead MoreThe Use Of Cell Phones While Driving1817 Words   |  8 Pagesknowledge that the use of cell phones while driving decreases driver awareness and overall road safety, and in response to this knowledge, some states have passed laws tha t have prohibited the use of handheld devices. However, there are no laws banning hands free cell phone usage, despite research claiming hands free devices are just as dangerous handheld devices. But, does their usage distract drivers enough to the point where states should legally ban the total use cell phones while driving? TheRead MoreThe Pros And Cons Of The Use Of Cell Phones While Driving1809 Words   |  8 PagesIt is known that the use of cell phones, specifically handheld use such as texting, while driving decreases driver awareness and the overall safety of roads. In response to this knowledge, some states have passed laws that have outlawed the use of handheld devices, and while there should be laws that definitively outlaw handheld usage, is there enough empirical evidence to outlaw hands free usage of cell phones? In other words, does hands free usage of cell phones, via bluetooth, speakerphone, etc

International Trade and Economic Growth †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the International Trade and Economic Growth. Answer: Introduction: One of the most robust theories in the international trade is the theory of Comparative Advantage, as has been proposed by David Ricardo. According to the comparative advantage theory of trade, all other things remaining the same, a country specializes in the production of that commodities or services and also exports those in which the country enjoys a comparative advantage in production, over the other countries with which it is trading. On the other hand, a country imports those goods and services, in the production of which it has less comparative advantage or more disadvantage (Laursen, 2015). The only factor of production is labor. There is free trade in the economy. There are constant returns to scale in the economy. There is perfect mobility of labor in the domestic territory but labor is immobile internationally (Gopinath, Helpman Rogoff, 2014). The Absolute Advantage theory asserts that the countries will produce and export those commodities and services in the production of which they have an absolute advantage. However, there may arise several situations in which, between the two trading nations, in which a country may experience absolute advantage in the production of all the commodities in which these two countries are trading. In this situation, the Absolute Advantage Theory cannot explain how the trade will take place between these two countries. In this situation, the Comparative Advantage Theory is more applicable than the Absolute Advantage Theory. Countries 1 Unit of Wine 1 Unit of Cloth England 120 100 Portugal 80 90 As can be seen from the above table (the numbers showing the number of labor required to produce one unit of the commodity. According to Absolute Advantage Theory, Portugal should produce both wine and cloth. However, this does not facilitate trade between the two countries. However, from the perspective of Comparative Advantage Theory, Portugal has comparative advantage in the production of wine than in cloth, while England comparatively produces cloth more efficiently than they can produce wine. Therefore, as per the theory, Portugal should produce wine and England should produce cloth and trade with each other (Feenstra, 2015). Comparative Advantage and Gains from Trade The term Gains from Trade, in economics, refers to the benefits of the trading agents, which accrues to them when they are allowed to trade voluntarily with each other. The gains from trade lead to an increase in the consumer and producer surplus in the economy of a country. The gains from trade occurs in a country, when there are several sectors in the country in which it experiences specialization and cost effectiveness, which in turn, helps the country to export those goods and services, which increases the trade surplus of the country and the country gains from trade. This concept of specialization is related to the theory of Comparative Advantage, which asserts that the country exports those commodities in which it enjoys comparative advantage over the other countries, which indirectly reflects towards the idea of specialization in the production of goods and services. Thus, the theories of Comparative Advantage and gains from trade are related in terms of specialization (Deardorff, 2014). Economies of Scale The economies of scale, in economies, are defined as the decrease in the average cost of production, which a firm experiences with increase in the cost effectiveness and in the quantity of production of the concerned commodity. Economies of scale can be both internal as well as external. Internal economies of scale occurs in a firm, when the concerned firm itself enjoys reduction in the cost of production, due to several advantages in production, which is subjected to the concerned firm itself and not is not applicable for the industry itself. On the other hand, a firm experiences external economies of scale, when the cost of production of the entire industry falls and like any other firm in the industry, the concerned firm also benefits from the economies of scale which is accrued to the entire industry (Polkinghorn, 2016). The concept of economies of scale has implications on the international trade scenario. When both the countries involved in a trade relation are intensive in the same factor of production, then the country, whose industry experiences economies of scale in the production of a commodity, will produce the same commodity more efficiently and cost effectively than the other and thus will enjoy more gains from trade. The other country, in this situation, has to specialize in some other commodity or has to work towards achieving economies of scale to stay in the international competitive trading scenario (Johnson, 2013). References Deardorff, A. V. (2014).Terms of trade: glossary of international economics. World Scientific. Feenstra, R. C. (2015).Advanced international trade: theory and evidence. Princeton university press. Gopinath, G., Helpman, E., Rogoff, K. (Eds.). (2014).Handbook of international economics(Vol. 4). Elsevier. Johnson, H. G. (2013).International trade and economic growth (collected works of Harry Johnson): Studies in pure theory. Routledge. Laursen, K. (2015). Revealed comparative advantage and the alternatives as measures of international specialization.Eurasian Business Review,5(1), 99-115. https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Keld_Laursen/publication/289126100_Revealed_Comparative_Advantage_and_the_Alternatives_as_Measures_of_International_Specialisation/links/5689525e08ae1e63f1f8e2f3/Revealed-Comparative-Advantage-and-the-Alternatives-as-Measures-of-International-Specialisation.pdf Polkinghorn, A. (2016). Economies of scale.Br J Gen Pract,66(648), 351-351. https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Carole_Beighton/publication/304664258_Learning_disability_registers_in_primary_care/links/577cf2d808ae355e74f2e573.pdf

The Four Seasons Essay Example

The Four Seasons Essay Look at the structure of each poem as well as its use of language, and show how the poems not only describe the seasons but also convey its mood. As you write indicate your response to the words and ideas in the poems, and at the end say which poem you prefer, giving your reasons. I am going to tell you about three different poems I have chosen which I feel best portray the seasons. I have chosen Spring by G. M Hopkins, To Autumn by John Keats and Skating from The Prelude by William Wordsworth. The poem Spring by G. M Hopkins is a very happy and joyful poem and full of life. In the very first line, Hopkins refers to Spring as the most attractive season of them all, telling us: Nothing is so beautiful as Spring (Line 1). He carries on creating a buoyant and cheerful atmosphere by using words and phrases such as the alliterative phrases long and lovely and lush (Line 2) and With richness, the racing lambs too have fair their fling (Line 8). In the first stanza, Hopkins uses imagery with phrases such as weeds in wheels (Line 2) and The glassy pear tree leaves and blooms (Line 6), which gives the reader pictures of Springtime. The image of The descending blue; that blue is all in a rush (Line 7), gives the impression of being wrapped in a mixture of happy feelings and the promise of summer to come. The poem is very continuous and uses many enjambments so that the poem can be kept at a fast flowing speed for the reader. We will write a custom essay sample on The Four Seasons specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on The Four Seasons specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on The Four Seasons specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer For example Through the echoing timbre does so rinse and wring / The ear, it strikes like lighting to hear him sing (Line 4 / 5). When Hopkins starts his second verse he writes this alliterative question What is all this juice and all this joy? (Line 9). This can be interpreted as the juice being all the new life of both animals and plants, thrushs eggs (Line 3) and racing lambs (Line 8), and the joy is in being able to see all these events happen and being part of the experience. Hopkins uses the Garden of Eden to talk about the newness and innocence of this season. He writes In Eden garden Have, get, before it cloy, / Before it cloud, Christ, lord and sour with sinning / Innocent Minds and Mayday in girl and boy (Line 11 / 12 / 13), suggesting that Spring has a purity that the later seasons lack. He supports the use of springs innocence by using the maids child towards the end of the play Most, O maids child, thy choice and worthy the winning. The Autumn Poem by John Keats is a very famous poem, written in 1819, two years before he died. The poem is written in three stanzas and he has written the poem so that at the beginning it is describing the start of autumn, progressing through the poem until autumn is turning into winter. Keats begins the poem with alliterative phrases like mists of mellow fruitfulness (Line 1), using soft consonants and extended vowels to give an atmosphere of relaxation and calmness. He uses the metaphor Close blossom-friend of the maturing sun (Line 2), to produce an image of fruitfulness and fertility. The phrase Conspiring with him how to load and bless (Line 3) makes it seem like Autumn and the Sun are human and almost God-like. He talks about all the fruit being as ripe as they are ever going to be, all the way to the core (Line 6) while the trees bend with apples (Line 5). He talks about the animals and especially the bees and says And still more, later flowers for the bees, / until they think warm days will never cease (Line 9 / 10). Keats is saying that the bees are not aware that winter is coming so they stay out still looking for more flowers. In the second stanza he talks about the main part of autumn, describing autumn as if it was a person, starting the stanza with Who hath not seen thee oft amid thy store? (Line 12). He gives the reader many images of autumn being a restful time, slowing down as winter approaches, using phrases such as sitting careless on a granary floor (Line 14) and on a half reapd furrow sound asleep (Line 16). He uses many restful alliterative words such as winnowing wind (Line 15) and the phrase Thou watchest the last oozing hours by hours (Line 22) also feels like life is slowing down. Even though he talks about this time being easy and lazy it is a very difficult and busy time for farmers, however this is not stated in the poem. Keats writes what is idealistic for him. He has again used lots of long vowels to create heaviness and slowness in the poem with phrases such as Drowsed with the fume of poppies (Line 17) to suggest sleepiness. In the final stanza he talks about the end of autumn and the beginning of winter, talking about regret, where are the songs of Spring? (Line 23). Keats also gives the reader images of the autumn evenings, soft-dying day (Line 25) and also rosy hue (Line 26) which means the setting sun, which is in contrast to the mature sun of the first stanza. Keats describes images of death using words and phrases such as mourn (Line 27), sinking (Line 29) and also the light wind lives or dies (Line 29) because it is the end of the summer. He uses many musical terms throughout the last stanza, such as wailful choir (Line 27), full-grown lambs loud bleat from hilly bourn (Line 30), hedge crickets sing (Line 31) and now with treble soft / The red-breast whistles (Line 31 / 32). They are all however very soft sounds, unlike Hopkins Spring which was all bustling and noisy. Keats describes a robin in the poem which suggests images of the forthcoming winter, and he talks about full-grown lambs, which suggests that the cycle of the year from when they were born in spring to their full grown state in autumn is complete. In general, throughout the poem he uses few full stops making very extended sentences. This keeps the poem very lethargic, lazy and restful. The pace is kept very slow and he does this by using many caesurae.

Jefferson Notes on the State of Virginia and Race essays

Jefferson Notes on the State of Virginia and Race essays Thomas Jefferson, a man who penned the words, "All men are created equal," was a slave owner. To many, this is an inconceivable contradictiona hypocritical blasphemy against truth. However, Jefferson was ultimately a man of his times, mired in the social and political climate of his daya day, when slavery was a simple, if not repugnant, fact of life. But how, exactly, did Jefferson feel about racial difference and the justification of slavery' The answer can be clearly found in his work, At the time of its writing, Jefferson's Notes was an important diplomatic document. Jefferson knew that the country desperately needed to have the support of various European nations if it was to successfully break free from the grasp of Great Britain. However, he worried that the image of the United States would be tarnished if the notion that its Indians had been conquered and enslaved. For this reason, he wrote, "An inhuman practice once prevailed in this country of making slaves of the Indians. (This practice commenced with the Spaniards with the first discovery of America)."(61) Thus, Jefferson was keenly resolute in denying that the United States was responsible for enslaving American Indiansand he not only vigorously denied this fact, but shifted the blame onto the original Spanish explorers. However, this begs the questionwhat of the black slavesthe very ones he kept on his plantation' To Jefferson, the answer was clear. Not only was the situation and position of black slaves different, but it was far more dangerous to the survival of the country Indeed, Jefferson not only justifies the continuation of the institution of slavery in his writing, but he refers to a "doom" scenario, where, were slaves to be freed, the cumulative injustices infl ...

Argentina Economy Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Argentina Economy - Research Paper Example GDP Per Capita Source: (tradingeconomics.com; Argentina GDP Per Capita; Retrieved: 2nd April 2012) Analyzing the ten years, we clearly see that the overall trend of per capita GDP has been rising. The per capita GDP has approximately doubled in the last ten years from $6300 to around $10,800 in 2011. We do see that the economic slow down had an effect on Argentina since its growth stagnated between 2009-2010 but has risen considerably since. The overall outlook for 2012 is also very positive. Inflation Rate: Source: (tradingeconomics.com; Argentina Inflation Rate; Retrieved: 2nd April 2012) Argentina has always been ridden with high inflation issues. Specially at the start of the millenium the CPI figures were sky high around 40% .The dramatic decrease in CPI was because of devaluation of its currency. Since then various measures have been underway to keep the inflation rate in and around 10%. Although some unofficial figures state that inflation is twice as much, around 25%. The inf lation issue continues to be a main concern for the country and measures are to be taken with repect to this to ensure any further growth in the country. UnEmployment Rate: Source: ( tradingeconomics.com; Argentina Unemployement Rate; Retrieved: 2nd April 2012) The overall umployement figures for Argentina have been impressive. Unemployement was very high in 2002 around 21%. Since then, there has been a steady decline in unemployement rate to around 7% in 2012. The unemployement numbers have decreased which certainly is a positive sign for the country which is because of the growing demand for argentinian products and growing local demand. With growing domestic as well as international demand the country is creating jobs for its citizens and the figures may get better in 2012. Source: (Indexmundi.com; Argentina Poverty Rate; Retrieved: 2nd April 2012) The poverty rate for Argentina has declined since 2003 from a staggering 48% to around 12% in 2010. The decrease in employment has la rgely been due to the strenghtening economy and higher opportunities for growth in manufacturing and agriculture.Argentina has now a very high Human Development Index and is now in an upper middle income economy in the world. The poverty rate does seem to be getting higher and measures need to be taken to address this issue.Population being below the poverty line was estimated at around 10% in the CIA factbook, however the figure is still alarming. Democracy Index and Level Of Corruption: A research study conducted by the Economist Intelligence Unit compiled a list of 167 democracies around the world to identify their level of democrarcy based on a number of factors most notably; political participation,civil liberties,and functioning of the government. In this survey Argentina was placed at number 51 of the 167 countries with an index of 6.84 which translated to flawed democracy. 10 being the highest, full democracy and 0 being authoritarion regimes. ( (Kekic) The country has democ ratically elected governement although there are some flaws in the system that have made its democracy level go down a bit. The transparency International conducted a study to identify corrupt and non corrupt nations by providing an index

The Walter Family Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

The Walter Family - Case Study Example Catherine Walter, a self-proclaimed ‘depressed’ mother. The children are entitled to their basic needs and because there appeared to be a lack of provision in the Walter family, Mrs. Walter may indeed be guilty of neglecting her children. II. Major Issues of the Family The major problem of the family is that it does not have any dependable resources, let alone in the financial aspect. Although the lack of financial resources does not significantly qualify for a type of neglect, the Walter children are left exposed to possible substantial harm from the lack of food and a safe and clean dwelling place with no parent or any form of guardian to attend to their immediate needs. Mr. Walter abandoned his family without providing any essential aid (e.g. insurance) while Mrs. Walter admitted to have depressive symptoms which would give enough reason for the community CPS to take necessary action over the situation. Parental depression can cause a parent to divert her attention aw ay from her children (Jackson et al. 5). III. Needs of the Family The Walter family requires a good provider. ... Generally, the family needs economic and professional help from concerned social workers who could assist them. IV. Action Plan and Intervention Goals It is necessary that the alleged neglect of the Walter children by their mother, Mrs. Catherine Walter be determined properly. The community agency should know whether the treatment or intervention is favorable for the children and Mrs. Walter. Despite the fact that it’s the main duty of the community CPS to reduce the probable risks to a child, separating a child from his/her parent should be its last remaining option because doing so against the will of the family member concerned may have negative psychological effects to them especially when it is not necessary. In the following action plan, the persons directly involved during the treatment will be the Walter children, Mrs. Walter, physicians, pediatricians, social workers, child psychologists, and nutritional professionals who can detect victims of abuse or neglect. Intake /Initial Assessment/Investigation The Child Protective Services Agency must acquire credible evidence to substantiate the report of neglect (Depanfilis). Mrs. Walter should be properly and justifiably evaluated whether she could still provide the physiological and emotional needs of her children or not despite the fact that she admitted to undergoing depressive symptoms for it still unjust to opt for placement without due process of law (25). However, if it is the parent’s own choice to confine her children into a foster home instead, then she is already waiving her right as a responsible mother to her children. This recommended action will also determine whether statutory child protection is the best approach to the Walter family case.